主要统计指标解释

【居民消费价格指数】居民消费价格，是指城乡居民支付生活消费品和服务项目消费的价格，是社会产品和服务项目的最终价格。居民消费价格指数，就是反映一定时期内居民消费价格变动趋势和变动程度的相对数。利用居民消费价格指数，可以全面观察居民消费价格变动对居民生活的影响。居民消费价格指数还是反映通货膨胀程度的重要指标。

【商品零售价格指数】商品的零售价格是商品在流通过程中的最后一个环节的价格，是工业、商业、餐饮业和其他零售企业向城乡居民、机关团体出售生活消费品和办公用品的价格。因此，商品零售价格指数是全面反映市场零售物价总水平变动趋势和程度的相对数。其目的在于掌握零售商品的价格变动状况，为国家制定经济政策、研究城乡市场流通和为国民经济核算提供科学依据。

【工业品出厂价格指数】工业品出厂价格，是指工业企业向商业（物资）部门或商业企业、其他生产单位、个人出售的或调拨产品的价格，亦称工业生产者价格。它是工业品进入流通领域的最初价格。工业品出厂价格指数是指反映一定时期内工业品出厂价格水平变动趋势及变动程度的相对数，是国民经济核算和计算工业发展速度的一个重要参考指标。

【原材料、燃料和动力购进价格指数】是反映工业企业作为生产投入，而从物资交易市场和能源、原材料生产企业购买原材料、燃料、动力产品时，所支付的价格水平变动趋势和程度的统计指标，是扣除工业企业物质消耗成本中价格变动影响的重要依据。

【房屋销售价格指数】房屋销售价格是指房产所有权转移时买卖双方实际成交的价格。它包括商品房销售、旧房交易和公有住房出售三部分。房屋销售价格指数，就是反映一定时期内房屋销售价格变动趋势和变动程度的相对数。

【城镇居民家庭就业人口】指城镇居民从事社会劳动并取得劳动报酬或经营收入的人口。就业人口包括国家统筹规划和指导由劳动部门介绍就业，自愿组织起来就业合自谋职业等方式，在国有制、集体所有制、中外合资、中外合作、外商在华独资的企事业单位或私营企业单位工作或从事个体劳动又固定性职业或临时性职业的人口。被聘用或留用的离退休人员也计入就业人口。本指标可以反映出城镇人口的就业情况，是计算就业面、负担系数的资料。

【城镇居民家庭全部收入】指调查户中生活在一起的所有家庭成员在调查期得到的工薪收入、经营净收入、财产性收入、转移性收入的总和，不包括出售财物和借贷收入。收入的统计标准以实际发生的数额为准，无论收入是补发还是预发，只要是调查期得到的都如实计算，不作分摊。

【城镇居民家庭可支配收入】 指调查户可用于最终消费支出和其它非义务性支出以及储蓄的总和，即居民家庭可以用来自由支配的收入。它是家庭总收入扣除交纳的所得税、个人交纳的社会保障费以及调查户的记帐补贴后的收入。

【城镇居民家庭消费性支出】 指被调查的居民家庭用于满足家庭日常生活消费需要的全部支出，包括食品、衣着、家庭设备用品及服务、医疗保健、交通与通讯、娱乐教育文化服务、居住、杂项商品及服务支出等八大类。包括用于赠送的商品和劳务，不包括罚没、丢失款和缴纳的各种税款（如个人所得税、牌照税、房产税等），也不包括个体劳动者生产经营过程中发生的各项费用。

【农村住户纯收入】是总收入扣除各项费用性支出后，归农民所有的收入。它是用于生产、非生产投资，改善物质文化生活，以及用于再分配和结余的收入。这个指标用来观察农民实际收入水平，以及农民扩大再生产和改善生活的能力。

纯收入=总收入—家庭经营费用支出—生产用固定资产折旧—税收—上缴集体承包任务—集体提留和摊派—调查补贴。

【农村住户生活消费支出】是指农村住户年内用于物质生活和精神生生活方面的支出，直接反映出农民的生活水平、研究农民消费结构的基本指标。生活消费支出包括食品、衣着、家庭设备、用品及服务、医疗保险、交通与通讯、娱乐、教育、文化服务、其他商品和服务等消费支出。

【恩格尔系数】 恩格尔（E.ENGEL）是十九世纪德国的统计学家。他根据经验统计资料，对消费结构的变化提出这样一个看法：一个家庭收入越少，家庭收入中或家庭总支出中用来购买食物的支出所占的比例就越大；一个国家越穷，每个国民的平均收入或平均支出中用来购买食物的费用所占比例就越大；随着家庭收入的增加，家庭收入中或家庭支出中用来购买食物的比例将会下降。这就是恩格尔定律。恩格尔系数是根据恩格尔定律而得出的比例数。即：

恩格尔系数=食物支出金额/总消费支出金额╳100%

国际上常常用恩格尔系数来衡量一个国家和地区人民生活水平的状况。根据联合国粮农组织提出的标准，恩格尔系数在60%以上为贫困、50-60%为温饱、40-50%为小康、低于40%以下为富裕。

【Consumer Price Index】 refers to the consumption price for living necessities and services by people in urban and rural areas. It is the ultimate price of consumer goods and services. Thus it reflects the relative change in prices of consumer goods and services purchased by urban and rural families and can be used to observe and analyse the impact of price changes in consumer goods and services on living expenditure and actual charge in urban and rural households. The index also serves as a key norm in inflation.

【Retail Price Index】refers to the last price of goods in the circulation. It is the price that industry, commerce, catering trade and other retail enterprises sell consumer goods and appliances to urban and rural residents, institutions and social organizations. The index thus reflects the relative change of the price in retail markets and as a result the index provides basis for the government on the policymaking, studies of market circulation in urban and rural areas, and national economy accounting.

【Ex-factory Price Index of Industrial Products】 It means that the industrial enterprises sell, allocate and transfer the products price from the commercial (or goods and material) departments or commercial enterprises, other manufactures and individuals, it is also called as industrial producers price. It is the initial price that the industrial products enter into circulate domain. The industrial products Ex-factory price index means that it reflects the ex-factory price level alteration trend and the change degree comparative figure for the industrial products within a certain period of time. It is an important reference target for the national economy accounting and calculation industry development speed as well.

【Price Index of the Purchased Materials, Fuel and Power】refers to the statistical index of the trend and extent of the price fluctuation which industrial enterprises paid in purchasing the raw materials, fuel and power from goods exchange markets and fuel, material manufacturing enterprises for their own production needs. It is an important basis for the industrial enterprises in deducting fluctuant affections of the price from the material consumption cost.

【Price Index of Houses Selling】houses selling price refers to the actual price paid in the deal between buyer and seller when the proprietary of houses transfers. Include commodity houses sales, second-hand houses transactions and the public-owned houses sales. The price index of house selling reflects the relative figures which indicate the trend and extent of house price fluctuations within a certain period.

【Employment Population in Urban Households】refers to urban residents engaged in certain work and receiving payment for their labor or income from their business operation, including those who work in state-owned or collective units, joint ventures, foreign-owned units and private with permanent or temporary jobs. The self-employed individuals and re-employed retirees are also included. This indicator reflects the situation of urban employment and is the basic data for calculating employment rate and dependency ratio.

【Total Income of Urban Households】 It means the summation of the salary income, business net income, property income and transferring income obtained from all the family members lived together who were investigated during the period of investigation, it does not include property sale and the income of the debit and credit. The income statistical standard is subjected to the actual occurred amount no matter what complementary or advanced income. So long as the amount obtained during the period of investigation, it should be calculated as what it is, not be calculated by apportionment.

【Disposable Income of Urban Households】It means that the investigated family can use final consumed expenditure and the other non-obligation expenditure as well as the saving deposit summation that is the income disposed freely by the resident family. It is the income after the paid income tax, individual paid social security fee and billing allowance of which are deducted from the family total income.

【Expenditure for Consumption of Urban Households】refers to total expenditure of the sample households for consumption in daily life, including expenditure for various commodities and expenses for non-commodity items such as culture and service, etc., but excluding fines and confiscation, loss, tax payments (such as income tax, license tax, real estates tax, etc.)and various expenses by individual laborers for business purposes.

【Net income of Rural Households】 refers to the income owned by peasants after the deduction of various expenses from total income. It’s used for productive and non-productive investment, for improvement of material and cultural life, for expenditure and balance in redistribution. This indicator is used to observe the actual income level of peasants, and the peasants’ capacity of expanding reproduction and improving livelihood.

Net income = total income－expenditure of household operational expenses－depreciation of fixed assets from production－tax－payment for collective units for contracted tasks－collective reserve and apportion－subsidy from survey.

【Expenditure of Rural Households for Consumption】refer to total expenditure of rural households on daily life, including expenses on food, clothing, housing, fuel, articles for daily use, and expenditures on daily life and services. This indicator is used to show the actual consumption level of peasants.

【Engel Coefficient】Mr. E. Engel is a German Statistician at the nineteenth century. According to his experience for statistic information, he pointed out such an opinion for the variation of the consumption structure: the lower a family’s income is, the higher ratio is for the expenditure used to buy food from the family total expenditure. The poorer the country is, the higher ratio is for the expenditure used to buy food from every civil average income or average expenditure. Along with the family income increasing, the ratio for the expenditure used to buy food from family income or family expenditure will be decreased. This is called as Engel Law. Engel coefficient is the proportion figure obtained according to the Engel Law. That is: Engel coefficient = food expenditures amount / overall consumption expenditures amount X 100 %.

Internationally, Engel coefficient is frequently used for evaluating the people’s living standard in a country or area. According to the Standard by the Food and Agricultural Organization’s of the United Nation, Engel coefficient above 60% deems as poverty, 50%-60% deems as subsistence level, 40%-50% deems as fairly well-off level, less than 40% deems as well-riched level.